Opinions of the Elderly about the Anti-COVID Vaccine and Possible Refusal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5294/pebi.2023.27.1.4Keywords:
Aged, immunization, COVID-19, decision making, social vulnerabilityAbstract
Objetivo: conocer las opiniones de los ancianos sobre la vacuna anti-covid y su posible rechazo. Metodología: se trata de un estudio exploratorio y cualitativo, realizado en un pequeño municipio, en el extremo Norte de Mato Grosso, Brasil. La recolección de datos ocurrió en marzo de 2021, a través de una entrevista semiestructurada. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó el software ATLAS.ti®. Resultados: la mayoría de los ancianos mostró aceptación y deseo de ser inmunizados, pero aquellos con baja escolaridad mostraron mayor rechazo a la vacuna, lo que fue percibido por los demás ancianos como una irresponsabilidad. Los participantes mencionan que toda persona tiene derecho a elegir. Conclusiones: aunque los ancianos tenían una opinión positiva sobre la vacuna, se deben intensificar las acciones educativas, especialmente entre aquellos con baja escolaridad, para que la conducta de rechazo, si prevalece incluso después de diálogos y aclaraciones, no influya a terceros y ponga en peligro la salud de la comunidad.
Downloads
References
Wang J, Zhao S, Liu M, Zhao Z, Xu Y, Wang P et al. ACE2 expression by colonic epithelial cells is associated with viral infection, immunity and energy metabolism. medRxiv [Internet]. 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.05.20020545
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Boletim epidemiológico 05. Centro de operações de emergência em Saúde Pública — COVID-19. Brasília; 2021.
Romero DE, Muzy J, Damacena GN, Souza NA, Almeida WS, Szwarcwald CL, et al. Idosos no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil: efeitos nas condições de saúde, renda e trabalho. Cad Saúde Pública. 2021;37(3): e00216620. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00216620
Dowd JB, Andriano L, Brazel DM, Rotondi V, Block P, Ding X et al. Demographic science aids in understanding the spread and fatality rates of COVID-19. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2020;117(18):9696-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004911117
Nesello K, Costa JVD, Silva LCM, D’Moura MMI, Sacramento MS, Vivi-Oliveira VK et al. Perfil epidemiológico, risco de agravamento e óbito por COVID-19 em cardiopatas no Brasil. J Health NPEPS. 2022;7(1):e6250. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30681/252610106250
Wu JT, Leung K, Bushman M, Kishore N, Niehus R, Salazar PM, et al. Estimating clinical severity of COVID-19 from the transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China. Nature Med. 2020;26:506-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0822-7
Oliveira FRA, Cunha TB, Silva JH, Atanaka M, Nascimento VF, Terças-Trettel ACP. Comorbidades em mato-grossenses hospitalizados com COVID-19 em 2020. Sustinere. 2021;9(2):582-602. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12957/sustinere.2021.58575
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Plano Nacional de operacionalização contra a covid-19. Brasília; 2021. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/media/pdf/2020/dezembro/16/plano_vacinacao_versao_eletronica-1.pdf
Couto MT, Barbieri CLA, Matos CCA. Considerações sobre o impacto da covid-19 na relação indivíduo-sociedade: da hesitação vacinal ao clamor por uma vacina. Saúde soc. 2021;30(1):e200450. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-12902021200450
Silva Filho PSP, Silva MJS, Fortes Júnior EJ, Rocha MML, Araújo IA, Carvalho ICS et al. Vacinas contra Coronavírus (COVID-19; SARS-COV-2) no Brasil: um panorama geral. Res Soc Dev. 2021;10(8):e26310817189. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i8.17189
Larson HJ, Clarke RM, Jarret C, Eckersberger E, Levine Z, Schulz WS et al. Measuring trust in vaccination: A systematic review. Hum vaccin immunother. 2018;14(7):1599-609. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1459252
Alshammari TM, Yusuff KB, Aziz MM, Subaie GM. Healthcare professionals’ knowledge, attitude and acceptance of influenza vaccination in Saudi Arabia: a multicenter cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2019;19(1):229. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4054-9
Bell S, Clarke R, Mounier Jack S, Walker JL, Paterson P. Parents’ and guardians’ views on the acceptability of a future COVID-19 vaccine: A multi-methods study in England. Vaccine. 2020;38(49):7789-98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.10.027
Bernstein HH, Bocchini JA, Diseases C, On I. Practical Approaches to Optimize Adolescent Immunization. Pediatrics. 2017;139(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-4187
El-Elimat T, AbuAlSamen MM, Almomani BA, Sawalha NAA, Alali FQ. Acceptance and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines: A cross-sectional study from Jordan. PLOS ONE. 2021;16(4):e0250555. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250555
Gomes JM, Silva BM, Santos EFS, Kelly PJ, Costa AS, Takiuti AD et al. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and the quadrivalent HPV Vaccine among Brazilian adolescents and parents: Factors associated with and divergences in knowledge and acceptance. PLOS ONE. 2020;15(11):e0241674. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241674
Popper-Giveon A, Keshet Y. Non-Vaccination Stage Model (NVST): The decision-making process among Israeli ultra-orthodox Jewish parents. Health. 2021;1363459320988884. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1363459320988884
Shekhar R, Sheikh AB, Upadhyay S, Singh M, Kottewar S, Mir H et al. COVID-19 Vaccine acceptance among health care workers in the United States. Vaccines. 2021;9(2):119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9020119
Yufika A, Wagner AL, Nawawi Y, Wahyuniati N, Anwar S, Yusri F et al. Parents’ hesitancy towards vaccination in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study in Indonesia. Vaccine. 2020;38(11):2592-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.01.072
Marti M, Cola M, MacDonald NE, Dumolard L, Duclos P. Assessments of global drivers of vaccine hesitancy in 2014 — Looking beyond safety concerns. PLOS ONE [Internet]. 2017;12(3,):e0172310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172310
Lane S, MacDonald N, MArti M, Dumolard L. Vaccine hesitancy around the globe: Analysis of three years of WHO/UNICEF Joint Reporting Form data-2015-2017. Vaccine. 2018;36(26):3861-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.03.063
Verger P, Dubé E. Restoring confidence in vaccines in the COVID-19 era. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2020;19(11):991-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2020.1825945
Galhardi CP, Freire NP, Fagundes MCM, Minayo MCS, Cunha ICKO. Fake news e hesitação vacinal no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. Ciênc saúde coletiva. 2022;27(5):1849-58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232022275.24092021
Lima-Costa MF, Macinko J, Mambrini JVM. Hesitação vacinal contra a COVID-19 em amostra nacional de idosos brasileiros: iniciativa ELSI-COVID, março de 2021. Epidemiol serv saúde. 2022;31(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-49742022000100020
Figueiredo A, Simas C, Karafillakis E, Paterson P, Larson HJ. Mapping global trends in vaccine confidence and investigating barriers to vaccine uptake: A large-scale retrospective temporal modelling study. Lancet. 2020; 396(10255):898-908. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31558-0
Beard D. Poll shows 61 percent of Americans likely to take COVID-19 vaccine. Science [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/poll-shows-61-percent-americans-likely-to-take-coronavirus-vaccine
Funk C, Tyson A. Intent to get a COVID-19 vaccine rises to 60% as confidence in research and development process increases. In: Pew research center science & society. [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2020/12/03/intent-to-get-a-covid-19-vaccine-rises-to-60-as-confidence-in-research-and-development-process-increases/
Brenan M. Willingness to get COVID-19 vaccine ticks up to 63% in U.S. [Internet]. 2020. Disponível em: https://news.gallup.com/poll/327425/willingness-covid-vaccine-ticks.aspx
Oliveira BLCA, Campos MAG, Queiroz RCS, Alves MTSSB, Souza BF, Santos AM. Prevalência e fatores associados à hesitação vacinal contra a covid-19 no Maranhão, Brasil. Rev Saúde Pública. 2021;55(12). DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003417
Wagner AL, Gorin SS, Boulton ML, Glover BA, Morenoff JD. Effect of vaccine effectiveness and safety on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Detroit, Michigan, July 2020. Hum vaccin immunother. 2021;17(9). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1917233
Steffens MS, Dunn AG, Marques MD, Danchin M, Witteman HO, Leask J. addressing myths and vaccine hesitancy: A randomized trial. Pediatrics. 2021; 148(5):e2020049304. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-049304
Campos SMG, Matos AFF, Jaques A, Araujo CC, Virmond M. Knowledge and vaccination adherence of the elderly to the specific vaccination schedule. Braz J Health Rev. 2021;4(1):3093-107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv4n1-246
Biasio LR, Bonaccorsi G, Lorini C, Pecorelli S. Assessing COVID-19 vaccine literacy: A preliminary online survey. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021;17(5):1304-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1829315
Fojnica A, Osmanovic A, Dozic N, Fejzic A, Mekic E, Gromilic Z. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and rejection in an adult population in Bosnia and Herzegovina. PLoS One. 2022;17(2):e0264754. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264754
Tentori K, Pighin S, Giovanazzi G, Grignolio A, Timberlake B, Ferro A. Nudging COVID-19 vaccine uptake by changing the default: A randomized controlled trial. Med Decis Making. 2022;42(6):837-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0272989X221101536
Sherman H. Bodily Autonomy and anti-vaccine discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic. Vitrine do Capstone [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://scholarworks.arcadia.edu/undergrad_works?utm_source=scholarworks.arcadia.edu%2Fundergrad_works%2F1&utm_medium=PDF&utm_campaign=PDFCoverPages
Rocha CF, Rocha TMF. A inefetividade do estatuto do idoso. Visão universitária. 2021;(1):62-88. Disponível em: http://www.visaouniversitaria.com.br/ojs/index.php/home/article/view/217/250
Lin CA, Grunspun H, Nazareth JC, Oliveira RA. Bioethical principles and values during pandemics. Clinics. 2020;75:e2154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2020/e2154
Lima JHS. A vacinação obrigatória na perspectiva do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Cad Ibero Am. Direito Sanit. 2021;10(1):233-47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17566/ciads.v10i1.762
Gavião Filho AP. Colisão de direitos fundamentais, argumentação e ponderação. Porto Alegre: Advogado; 2011.
Abud CO, Souza LP. A vacinação contra a COVID-19 pode ser compulsória no Brasil? A questão jurídica e a disputa política. Vigil sanit debate. 2021;9(4):4-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22239/2317-269x.01856
Taschner NP. Vaccine hesitancy: Old story, same mistakes. J Health NPEPS. 2021;6(2):e5876. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30681/252610105876
Silva IDD, Bezerra INM, Pimenta IDSF, Silva G, Wanderley VB, Nunes VMA et al. Acesso e implicações da automedicação em idosos na atenção primária à saúde. J Health NPEPS. 2019;4(2):132-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30681/252610104100
Koon OE. The Impact of Sociocultural Influences on the COVID-19 measures: Reflections from Singapore. J pain symptom manage. 2020;60(2):e90-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.04.022
Shachar C. Understanding vaccine hesitancy and refusal through a rights-based framework. Am j public health. 2022;112(2):229-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306636
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Vagner Ferreira do Nascimento, Ronaldo Souza Piber, Rayssa Ferreira Britis, Fernando Riegel, Margarita Ana Unicovsky, Ana Cláudia Pereira Terças-Trettel, Margarita Antonia Villar Luis
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
This journal and its papers are published with the Creative Commons License Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). You are free to share copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format if you: give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made; don’t use our material for commercial purposes; don’t remix, transform, or build upon the material.
